
What People Should Know
About Learning Difficulties
Comprehension
Comprehension is the ability to extract meaning from a text or spoken language. Although it is less understood than decoding words or solving equations, comprehension is the end goal of education. Every time a student is assigned a textbook, listens to a lecture or is given a set of instructions to follow- they rely on their ability to understand the meaning encoded in the words.
Comprehension is a complex phenomenon that is connected to many different cognitive-sensory processes. Dual-Coding theory as well as Embodied Semantics have shown that our understanding is based on both verbal (words) and non-verbal (e.g. mental images) processes.
Most importantly, comprehension is a mental skill that can be learned and trained.
Please check out the resources below, or you can schedule a consult to talk for free with one of our learning experts about your needs and goals.
Dyscalculia
Dyscalculia is a specific learning disorder evidenced by problems with number sense, memorization of arithmetic facts, fluent calculation and accurate mathematical reasoning. It occurs despite average or above average intelligence in approximately 1 out of 20 people. While the root cause is not known for certain, visual-spatial awareness is believed to play a part. Training this sensory-cognitive skill has been shown to improve mathematical performance in both children and adults.
Please check out the resources below, or you can schedule a consult to talk for free with one of our learning experts about your needs and goals.
Books
The Number Sense: How the Mind Creates Mathematics, by Stanislas Dehaene
Websites
The Math Problem from The Hetchinger Report
"How to beat maths anxiety" by Shalya Love for Psyche.co
How Do Language Skills Impact Math Learning from the Kennedy Krieger Institute
Policy
Papers
Foundations for Success: The Final Report of the National Mathematics Advisory Panel. US Dept of Education (2008)
Research
Papers
Aypical Trajectories of Number Development: A neuroconstructivist perspective
Development of number line representations in children with mathematical learning disability
The Effects of Folding-In of Basic Mathematics Facts for Students with Disabilities
Non-symbolic approximate arithmetic training improves math performance in preschoolers
Training spatial cognition enhances mathematical learning in a randomized study of 17,000 children